Dental hygiene plays a critical role in your dog’s overall health and well-being. Just like in humans, poor oral hygiene in dogs can lead to pain, infections, and even systemic health issues. However, many pet parents overlook the importance of caring for their dog’s teeth. This blog will introduce you to the basics of canine oral health, explain the risks of neglecting dental care, and provide tips for maintaining your dog’s pearly whites.
Understanding Oral Health and Disease in Dogs
Dogs, like humans, are susceptible to a variety of dental diseases. One of the most common is periodontal disease, which is an infection and inflammation of the tissues surrounding the teeth. It starts with plaque—a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth after eating. If not removed, plaque hardens into tartar, which can lead to gum inflammation (gingivitis), bone loss, and tooth decay. Advanced periodontal disease can cause pain, difficulty eating, and even spread harmful bacteria to the heart, kidneys, and liver.
Other common dental issues in dogs include fractured teeth, oral tumors, and retained baby teeth in puppies. These problems can cause discomfort and may require veterinary intervention. Regular dental care can help prevent these conditions and ensure your dog stays happy and healthy.
Improving Oral Hygiene at Home
The good news is that many dental issues are preventable with proper care. Here are some practical steps you can take to maintain your dog’s oral health at home:
1. Brush Their Teeth
Brushing is the gold standard for canine dental care. Use a dogspecific toothbrush and toothpaste (never human toothpaste, as it can be toxic to dogs). Start slowly by letting your dog get used to the taste of the toothpaste and the feel of the brush, then work up to brushing their teeth daily.
2. Provide Dental Chews and Toys
Many dental chews and toys are designed to help scrape away plaque and promote gum health. Look for products approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) for effectiveness.
3. Offer a Healthy Diet
A balanced diet contributes to overall health, including oral health. Some specially formulated diets can reduce tartar buildup and support healthy gums.
4. Use Dental Rinses and Water Additives
These products can help reduce plaque and freshen your dog’s breath. Be sure to choose vet-approved options.
5. Schedule Regular Check-Ups
Even with good home care, dogs need regular dental exams and professional cleanings to catch and address problems early.
The Role of Professional Dental Cleanings
Professional dental cleanings are an essential part of your dog’s oral care routine. These cleanings are performed under general anesthesia, allowing veterinarians to thoroughly clean above and below the gumline, where most problems begin. Take intraoral x-rays to evaluate tooth roots and bone. Teeth are scaled, polished and a fluoride treatment applied.
Without anesthesia, it is impossible to adequately clean the area under the gums or assess the full extent of dental disease and to safely take x-rays.
Some pet owners worry about the risks of anesthesia, but modern anesthetic protocols are very safe for healthy dogs and carefully managed for those with underlying conditions. The benefits far outweigh the risks, as anesthesia ensures your dog remains still and comfortable during the procedure, allowing for a complete and stress-free cleaning.
Anesthesia-free dental cleanings may sound appealing, but they can do more harm than good. These procedures typically involve scraping visible tartar off the teeth without addressing the root cause of dental disease under the gumline. Not only can this be stressful and painful for your dog, but it also provides a false sense of security, as unseen problems can continue to progress.
Advanced Dental Care Options
For more complex dental issues, a veterinary dental specialist may be required. These specialists are trained to handle advanced procedures such as root canals, orthodontics, and oral surgery. They also have the expertise to manage difficult cases, such as oral tumors or severe periodontal disease. If your dog’s dental issues require specialized care, your primary veterinarian can refer you to a specialist for the best possible outcome.
Conclusion
Taking care of your dog’s teeth is about more than just fresh breath. Good oral hygiene prevents pain and disease, improves quality of life, and can even extend your dog’s lifespan. By combining daily home care with regular professional cleanings, you can ensure your furry friend’s smile stays healthy for years to come. Remember, your veterinarian is your best resource for advice and support in maintaining your dog’s oral health. A little effort now can prevent big problems down the road.
Barks & Recreation is proud to feature Dr. Eileen Savier CVA, CVCH as our Veterinary Blogger in our “From the Vet” Series — offering information related to the health and welfare of your furry family members! Currently part of the team of doctors at Keystone Veterinary Clinic, Dr. Savier is a 2012 Graduate of the Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, She completed her clinical experience at The Ohio State University and after veterinary school she pursued further education and certification in Veterinary Acupuncture, Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Fear Free veterinary visits. Dr. Savier has a special interest in integrative medicine, animal behavior, and internal medicine and is committed to improving animal health care by integrating Eastern and Western philosophies. She enjoys working with fearful & aggressive dogs and cats and she has had additional training in low stress handling techniques and encourages positive reinforcement during exams and procedures. Her clinical interests include pain management, animal behavior, geriatric patient care, and internal medicine.
Dr. Savier shares her home with two (soon to be three) dogs, two cats, and a toddler. She lovingly refers to her two dogs as Coconut Retrievers as they were rescue dogs she brought home from the island of St. Kitts. In her free time she enjoys spending time with her family, going to the beach, and planning her next Disney vacation.
